Military


 * A military, generally consists of an Army, Navy, Air Force, and in certain countries the Marines and Coast Guard, and also known as the Armed Forces, are forces authorized to use lethal and / or deadly force, and weapons, to support the interests of the state and some or all of its citizens. The task of the military is usually defined as defense of the state, and its citizens, and the prosecution of war against another state. The military may also have additional sanctioned and non-sanctioned functions within a society, including, the promotion of a political agenda, protecting corporate economic interests, internal population control, construction, emergency services, social ceremonies, and guarding important areas. The military may also function as a discrete subculture within a larger civil society, through the development of separate infrastructures, which may include housing, schools, utilities, logistics, health and medical, law, food production, finance and banking.

The profession of soldiering as part of a military is older than recorded history itself. Some of the most enduring images of the classical antiquity portray the power and feats of its military leaders. The Battle of Kadesh in 1274 BC was one of the defining points of Pharaoh Ramses II's reign, and is celebrated in bas-relief on his monuments. A thousand years later, the first emperor of unified China, Qin Shi Huang, was so determined to impress the gods with his military might, he was buried with an army of terracotta soldiers.[1]  The Romans were dedicated to military matters, leaving to posterity many treatises and writings, as well as a large number of lavishly carved triumphal arches and victory columns.



Etymology and definitions Edit Soldiers from the Canadian Grenadier Guards in the Kandahar Province of Afghanistan*:Issue: ''Possibly cognate with Thousand, cf. Latin and Romance language root word "mil-") The first recorded use of the word military in English, spelled militarie, was in 1585.[2]  It comes from the Latin militaris (from Latin miles, meaning 'soldier') through French, but is of uncertain etymology, one suggestion being derived from *mil-it-'' – going in a body or mass.[3] [4]  The word is now identified as denoting someone that is skilled in use of weapons, or engaged in military service, or in warfare.[5] [6]

As a noun, the military usually refers generally to a country's armed forces, or sometimes, more specifically, to the senior officers who command them.[5] [6]  In general, it refers to the physicality of armed forces, their personnel, equipment, and physical area which they occupy.

As an adjective, military originally referred only to soldiers and soldiering, but it soon broadened to apply to land forces in general, and anything to do with their profession.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-OED_2-1" style="font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1;font-family:inherit;font-size:0.75em;background:none;unicode-bidi:isolate;white-space:nowrap;">[2]  The names of both the Royal Military Academy (1741) and United States Military Academy (1802) reflect this. However, at about the time of the Napoleonic Wars, 'military' began to be used in reference to armed forces as a whole,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-OED_2-2" style="font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:1;font-family:inherit;font-size:0.75em;background:none;unicode-bidi:isolate;white-space:nowrap;">[2]  and in the 21st century expressions like 'military service', 'military intelligence', and 'military history' encompass naval, marine and air force aspects. As such, it now connotes any activity performed by armed force personnel.

<span class="mw-headline" id="History" style="font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:middle;background:none;display:table-cell;width:590px;">History <span style="font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:middle;background:none;display:table-cell;">Edit Main article: Military history<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:1em;font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;background:none;">Military history is often considered to be the history of all conflicts, not just the history of the state militaries. It differs somewhat from the history of war, with military history focusing on the people and institutions of war-making, while the history of war focuses on the evolution of war itself in the face of changing technology, governments, and geography.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;background:none;">Military history has a number of facets. One main facet is to learn from past accomplishments and mistakes, so as to more effectively wage war in the future. Another is to create a sense of military tradition, which is used to create cohesive military forces. Still another may be to learn to prevent wars more effectively. Human knowledge about the military is largely based on both recorded and oral history of military conflicts (war), their participating armies and navies and, more recently, air forces.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;background:none;">There are two types of military history, although almost all texts have elements of both: descriptive history, that serves to chronicle conflicts without offering any statements about the causes, nature of conduct, the ending, and effects of a conflict; and analytical history, that seeks to offer statements about the causes, nature, ending, and aftermath of conflicts – as a means of deriving knowledge and understanding of conflicts as a whole, and prevent repetition of mistakes in future, to suggest better concepts or methods in employing forces, or to advocate the need for new technology.

<span class="mw-headline" id="Organisation" style="font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:middle;background:none;display:table-cell;width:590px;">Organisation <span style="font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;vertical-align:middle;background:none;display:table-cell;">Edit <p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:1em;font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;background:none;">In the whole history of humanity, every nation had different needs for military forces. How these needs are determined forms the basis of their composition, equipment, and use of facilities. It also determines what military does in terms of peacetime, and wartime activities.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;background:none;">All military forces, whether large or small, are military organizations that have official state, and world recognition as such. Organisations with similar features are paramilitary, civil defense, militia, or other – which are not military. These commonalities of the state's military define them. An example of military command; a map of Argentina's military zones (1975–1983)===<span class="mw-headline" id="Personnel" style="font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;font-size:19.2px;vertical-align:middle;background:none;display:table-cell;width:624px;">Personnel <span style="font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;font-size:19.2px;vertical-align:middle;background:none;display:table-cell;">Edit === Main article: Military personnelSee also: Military reserve and War financeCF-18 Hornet drops a laser-guided bomb<p style="margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:1em;font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;background:none;">Subordinated military personnel, generally known as soldiers, sailors, marines, or airmen, are capable of executing the many specialised operational missions and tasks required for the military to execute policy directives.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;background:none;">Just as in the commercial enterprises where there are, in a corporate setting, directors, managers and various staff that carry out the business of the day as part of business operations or undertake business project management, the military also has its routines and projects.

<p style="margin-top:0.5em;font-variant:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;background:none;">During peacetime, when military personnel are mostly employed in garrisons or permanent military facilities, they mostly conduct administrative tasks, training and education activities, and technology maintenance. Another role of military personnel is to ensure a continuous replacement of departing servicemen and women through military recruitment, and the maintenance of a military reserve.