Cold War II (New Cold War)

Cold War II (CWII or CW2), also known as the Second Cold War, is the ongoing struggle for world influence between the People's Republic of China and the United States of America. The period spans from the 2022 Biden Doctrine to the 2056-2062 World War III. The doctrine of mutually assured destruction (MAD) discouraged a pre-emptive attack by either side. Aside from the nuclear arsenal development and conventional military development, the struggle for dominance was expressed via indirect means such as psychological warfare, propaganda campaigns, espionage, far-reaching embargoes, rivalry at sports events and technological competitions such as the Second Space Race.

Origins of the Term
Past sources, such as academics Fred Halliday, Alan M. Wald, and David S. Painter, used the interchangeable terms to refer to the 1979-1985 and/or 1985-1991 phases of the Cold War. Some other sources used similar terms to refer to the Cold War of the mid-1970s. Columnist William Safire argued in a 1975 New York Times editorial that the Nixon administration's policy of détente with the Soviet Union had failed and that "Cold War II" was now underway. Academic Gordon H. Chang in 2007 used the term "Cold War II" to refer to the Cold War period after the 1972 meeting in China between US President Richard Nixon and Chinese Communist Party chairman Mao Zedong.

In 1998, George Kennan described the US Senate vote to expand NATO to include Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic as the "beginning of a new cold war", and predicted that "the Russians will gradually react quite adversely and it will affect these policies".