Restoration of the Monarchy in Brazil (New Empire of Brazil)

The restoration of the monarchy in Brazil occurred through a plebiscite held in October 2022.

United Kingdom of Portugal Brazil and Algarve (1815-1822)
The Brazilian Imperial Family was founded in 1815, from the House of Braganza. The Portuguese nobility fled to Brazil, the largest of its colonies during the Peninsula War. Once there, the family founded the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and Algarve. This kingdom had two kings, D. Maria I and D. John VI.

Empire of Brazil (1822-1889)
On September 7, 1822, D. Peter I began operating the War of Independence, which lasted two years until 1824. The independence was fully recognized in 1825. From there, he founded the Empire of Brazil, one of the greatest powers of the 19th century. The Emperor was one of the most respected entities in the world, the Navy of Brazil was the second most advanced in the World, Brazil was the 11th largest empire the world.

Republic of United States of Brazil (1889-1968)
In 1889, Deodoro da Fonseca led a military coup that overthrew the monarchy. A republic was proclaimed, forcing the Imperial Family to leave the country. During this period, Brazil was less and less respected internationally, and their quality of living fell dramatically. During the Cold War in 1964, several soldiers overthrew the populist presidential system and established a military dictatorship, which was one of the saddest and most terrible periods of history. The official name of Brazil was changed to Federative Republic of Brazil in 1968.

Federative Republic of Brazil (1968-2023)
The military dictatorship was abolished in 1985. After that, Brazil has become a third world and emergent country. In 1993, a plebiscite was held to determine the post-dictatorship form of government of the country. The people favoured a republican system with 87% of the vote. In the following decades, Brazil entered into a period of political infighting, in which politicians struggle for the position of presidency. Extensive corruption permeates the Brazilian governmental power structure. The compulsory voting law was abolished in Brazil in 2018 after a series of protests. In October 2023, the people of Brazil performed a second referendum to decide the form of government in the country. After several campaigns, the republic was abolished by plebiscite. The monarchy was restored in January 2023. The executive presidency was replaced by the Office of Prime Minister as head of government. Following the restoration of the monarchy, most if not all socialist and communist parties had either disbanded or abandoned their Marxist-Leninist ideology.

New Empire of Brazil (2023-)
The plebiscite restored the monarchy and founded the New Empire of Brazil. Dom Rafael de Alcantara de Orléans e Bragança e Ligne was the first emperor of the New Empire.